Internal-combustion engine



Dec. 13, 1927.

J. G. VINCENT INTERNAL coluws'rzon enema Filed April 18. 1922 2 Sheets-Shut 1 Dec. 13, 1927.

J. G. VINCENT 'mrnnmm comaus'rxon ENGINE Filed A ril 18. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 [{VVENTOR. Jise 6; Wncenf BY f A TTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 13, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JESSE G. VINCENT, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, AsSIGNOR TD PACKARD MOTOR CA8 GOM- PANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN,

.A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION nema.

Application filed April 18, 1922. Serial no. 555,953.

This invention relates to internal combusti n e ines and particularly to the crank case an cylinder construction.

One of the objects of the present invention is the production of simple and elficient means for securing the crank case sections together and clampmg the cylinders in lace.

A further object of the invention is the provision of through fastening means from the cylinder flanges to the lower crank case art or the lower part of the crank shaft hearings to thereby tie the cylinders directly to the crank shaft bearings.

A further object of the invention is the convenient arrangement of a series of fastening members for holding the crank case bearings and cylinders in aligned posit1ons,.each fastening member including a separable portion permitting the removal of any of the cylinders without disturbing the connections between the crank case parts or bearings.

The above and other objects of my invention will be apparent from the following description wherein reference is made to the accompanying drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment of my invention, and wherein similar reference numerals desig- .nate similar parts throughout the several views.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the lower portion of an internal combustion engine made in accordance with my invention, parts being broken away;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section substantially on the line 22 of Fi 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarge detail section taken substantially on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a detail section through the cylinder clamping claw and adjacent cylinder flange, taken substantially on the line 4-4 of ig. 3;

Fig. .5 is a vertical sectional view through one of the hold-down bolts and adjacent members, being taken substantially on the line 5 -5 of Fi s. 2 and 3;

Fig. 6 is a etail elevation of the upper portion of one of the hold-down bolts and adjacent parts, the crank case clampin nut and portions *of the crank case being s own in section;

F 7 is a plan view of one of the cylin ping claws; and

Figs. 8 and 9 are detail sections taken substantially on the lines 8-8 and 99 re- .perirnposed upon the section 5 to complete the housing of the crank shaft .30 and assooiated parts of the engine. The upper face of the crank case section 6 is machined and perforated to receive the lower extremities of the removable cylinders 7 flanges 8 on the cylinders being designed to rest upon the machined face of the crank case section adj acent the apertures in the usual manner of engine construction. The bearings 31 for the crank shaft are preferably formed in twosections carried respectively by the upper and lower crank case sections, and it is essential that these bearing sections of the casing be accurately aligned and firmly clamped toet'her to withstand the thrust of the pistons. oaccomplish this object I provide holddown bolts 9, one on each side of each main bearing of the crank case. These bolts are threaded at their opposite ends and formed intermediate their ends, as at 10, with an enlargement or annular shoulder adapted to accurately fit ,within a machined opening 11 in the upper face of the lower crank case ,part .5 (see Fig. 5). Bolt holes 12 arranged centrally of the apertures 11 extend through inwardly protecting ribs or bosses 32 of the lower crank case section at each side of the bearings for the crank shaft. The hold-down bolts 9 are inserted into the bolt holes 12 so that the lower face of the shoulder ,10 rests against the bottom of the aperture 11 and is firmly secured in this position by means of a castellated nut 13 over a washer l4 bearing against the lower face of the rib of the lower crank case section.

Bolt holes 15 are arranged in the upper crank case sections 6 to align with the bolt holes 12 of the lower section and each terminates in a lar er aperture 16 of substantially the same iameter as the shoulder 10 on the hold-down bolts (see Fig. 5). With the bolts 9 securely positioned in the lower crank case SGClZlOIl it is then a simple matter to secure the upper crank case section in proper position. The upper section is placed over the lower section so that the bolts 9 are received in the proper bolt holes 15 thereof and is guided to proper position by the larger apertures 16 fitting over the annular shoulders 10. Thus the sections become accurately aligned and they may then be firmly secured together by turning down the shouldered nuts 17 until the shoulders 18 thereof engage the washers 33 in the base of an aperture 19 in the upper face of the crank case section 6. The nut 17 is then turned until the upper section bears firmly, upon the lower section of the crank case.' The hexagonal head of the nut 17 is of a size closely approximating the distance between the flanges 8 of adjacent cylinders 7, which flanges are flattened as at 34 adjacent the nut so that when the cylinders are se-' cured upon the upper crank case section the flanges 8 will prevent accidental rotation of the nuts 17 and the nut in turn will properly position the cylinders in place; (Note Fig. 3).

With the crank case sections firmly se cured together the cylinders 7 may be inounted upon the upper crank case section by extending their lower portions through the desired apertures until the flanges 8 of the cylinders rest upon the machined upper surface of the crank case. The cylinders are thereupon clamped in such position by means of clamping members or claws 20 constructed substantially as shown in Figs. 7 8 and 9, with their lowermost faces machined to accurately fit over the flanges 8 of adjacent cylinders. The claws 20 are firmly held by stud bolts 21 threaded into the upper portion of the shouldered nut 17 (see Fig. 6). The stud bolt 21 is thus aligned with and virtually forms a part of the holddown bolt 9. The end cylinder claws 20 with only one side arm may be employed for symmetrical appearance, their action, however, being identical with those claws mounted between adjacent cylinders.

By this arrangement of through holddown bolts there is provided a direct clamp ing action from the cylinder flanges to the lower half of the crank case or crank shaft bearing without any threading whatever into the crank case parts which are usually of aluminum.

The claws 20 also may be utilized to provide hoisting hooks when desired, two being preferably provided on each side of the engine. In Figs. 7 and 8 the claw 20 is shown with a hook 22 for the reception of a hoisting chain or the like to enableready lifting of the en ine as desired.

While it will e apparent that the illustrated embodiment of my invention herein disclosed is well calculated to adequately fulfill the objects and advantages primarily stated, it is to be understood that the invention is susceptible to variation, modification and change within the spirit and scope of the subjoined claims.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In an internal combustion engine having crank case sections and cylinders thereon, a fastening member comprising a bolt threaded at its opposite ends and having a shoulder intermediate its ends adapted to fit into aligned apertures in the crank case sections, a nut threaded on the lower end of the bolt and binding said shoulder against the lower crank case section, an elongated nut threaded on the upper end of the bol and binding the upper crank case section upon the lower, said nut being threaded throughout its entire length, and means for clamping the cylinders upon the upper crank case section including a stud bolt threaded into said elongated nut.

2. In an internal combustion engine having crank case sections and cylinders thereon. a fastening member comprising a bolt threaded at its opposite ends and having a shoulder intermediate its ends adapted to fit into aligned apertures in the crank case sections. a nut threaded on the lower end of the bolt and binding said shoulder against the lower crank case section, an elongated nutthreaded on the upper end of the bolt and binding the upper crank case section upon the lower, said nut being threaded throughout its entire length, and means for clamping the cylinders upon the upper crank case section 1ncluding a claw "engaging projections upon the cylinders, and a stud bolt passin' through said claw and threading into said elongated nut.

3. In an internal combustion engine having crank case sections and cylinders there on, a fastening member comprising a bolt threaded at its opposite end and having a shoulder intermediate its ends adapted to fit into aligned apertures in the crank case sections, a nut threaded on the lower end of the bolt and binding said shoulder against the lower crank case section, an elongated nut threaded on the upper end of the bolt and binding the upper crank case section upon the lower, said nut being threaded throughout its entire length, a claw arranged between a pair of cylinders and adapted to rest upon projecting portions of each cylinder, and a stud bolt threading into said elongated nut and clamping the claw positions and passing through the upper section between the cylinder apertures, said bolts co-acting with nuts threading on their upper ends, said nuts being shaped to fit between the flanges of the cylinders whereby accidental rotation is prevented.

5. An engine having upper and lower crank case sections, the upper section being apertured to receive cylinders, cylinders having a part extending through the apertures in said section and having flanges adapted to rest upon the surface of said section ad jacent said apertures, a series of bolts arranged to secure the crank case sections in aligned positions and passing through the upper section between the cylinder apertures, elongated nuts threaded upon the up per ends of said bolts, claws engaging the flanges of adjacent cylinders, and stud bolts passing through said claws and threading into said elongated nuts. whereby the cylinders will be firmly clamped upon the upper crank case section.

6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with upper and lower crank case sections, and cylinders mounted on the upper crank case section. of clamping bolts extending from the cylinders to the lower crank case section and adapted to clamp the upper crank case section between the cylinders and the lower section.

7. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a crank case comprising upper and lower sections, and a cylinder mounted on the upper section of the crank case. of a clamping bolt secured to the lower crank case section and extending upwardly through the upper crank case section, and means cooperating with said clamping bolts for clamping said cylinder to the upper crank case section.

8. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination with a crank case comprising upper and lower sections, and a cylinder mounted on the upper section of the crank case, of a clamping bolt secured to the lower crank case section and extending upwardly through the upper crank case section, and a clamping member bearing against said cylinder and cooperating with said clamping bolt to secure said cylinder to the upper crank case section.

9. In an internal combustion engine having crank case sections with main bearings therein and cylinders mounted upon one of the crank case sections, a pair of bolts for each main bearing extending through aligned apertures in the crank case sections. the bolts having nuts threaded on one end and elongated nuts threaded upon the other end for clamping the crank case sections together and clamping members mounted upon the elongated nuts for clamping the cylinders upon one of the crank case sections.

10. In an internal combustion engine having crank case sections with main bearings therein and cylinders mounted upon one of the crank case sections, a pair of bolts for each main bearing, the bolts extending through aligned apertures in the crank case sections, an annular shoulder upon each bolt, the annular shoulder positioned in a recess between the aligned apertures, nuts threaded upon one end of the bolts for securing the bolts in position, elongated nuts threaded upon the other end of the bolts for clamping the crank ease sections together, a shoulder upon each of the elongated nuts, the shoulders being seated in recesses in the casing, studs threaded in the elongated nuts and clamping members mounted upon the studs for clamping the cylinders in position.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

JESSE G. VINCENT. 

